沙之天地

沒想到在今天就完成了！！果然早起的鳥兒有蟲吃，接下來暫時沒我的事了~~希望其他人也加油努力，讓我們能在這個學期末交出最傑出的翻譯作業！！

99年公務人員高等考試一級暨二級考題

中譯英

(一)在現代化資本與知識密集的產業發展趨勢下，財富與所得分配的集中乃為難以迴避的必然結果。政府的重分配機制是民眾期盼社會公平正義的最後依靠，其中租稅制度尤為關鍵。

With the trend of industry development which is capital intensive and knowledge intensive in the modern society, property concentrated and income concentrated are unavoidable and absolute outcome. The reallocated mechanism implemented by the governments is the last backing of fair and justice that the citizens expect in the society, and the tax system is the crucial part.

(二)兩性平權是建立在相互尊重與合作的架構上，而不是女權主義的高漲或兩性間的對立。只有兩性和諧共處，社會與國家才能安定。

Gender equality is built on the structure of mutual respect and cooperation whilst the rise high of feminism or the opposite between two genders. Only two genders get along with each other, the society and the country can be stable.

(三)臺灣農業屬小農家庭農場經營形態，提升競爭力最大的限制在於農戶眾多且經營規模小，兼業比率過高，研發成果商品化不足，欲求降低產銷成本及導入現代化、企業化經營管理及行銷頗為不易。若能藉由建立農業中心衛星體系，推動農業經營企業化，將可有效整合小農成為大農，並以產銷組織間的專業分工、資源互補，來加速生產結構改善，提高產銷效率，進而發展高值、高效農業，強化競爭優勢。

The business style of Taiwanese agriculture is peasant’s family farm style. The biggest limit of increasing competitive is because of high-amount but week-business scale peasants which has too high side-business rate to commercialize their research outcomes. It causes the difficult on lower the cost of produce and sale, and leading-in modernization, business management and marketing. If we can advocate agriculture management to become more business by building agriculture-center satellite system, it will be effect to integrate peasants to become big farmers. Moreover, we can accelerate the improvement of generation structure, and enhance the effect of generating and selling to develop high quality and high effect agriculture to reinforce competitive advantages by the specialization and resource complementation between organizations of production and marketing.

98年公務人員高等考試一級暨二級考題

英譯中

1. 1.      With the bringing up of the price of coal and natural gas, the payback periods have been shortened for renewable energy plans. All over the world, solar energy is on the verge of huge development. A forecast issued in 2008 indicated solar power will develop from a $25 billion industry in 2007 to $80 billion in 10 years.

隨著煤炭和天然氣的價格攀升，再生能源計畫的投資回收期縮短。綜觀全球，太陽能科技研發最盛。2008年的前瞻議題顯示太陽能將從2007年的兩百五十億美元產值，在十年後達到八百億美元產值。

1. 2.      The Chinese consider calligraphy a way of keeping one health. One of the reasons is that it involves the exercise of the hand, the entire body, and the mind. Calligraphy is so abstract and sublime that in Chinese culture a scholar’s penmanship is often regarded as his most revealing trait.

中國人認為寫書法可以強身健體，其中一個原因在於寫書法牽涉到手、整個肢體與心智的運動。書法如此抽象與莊嚴，導致在中國文化中，學者的字跡往往被認定形同他最顯著的特點。

97年公務人員高等考試一級暨二級考試試題

英譯中

1. 1.      Taiwan has a dynamic capitalist economy with gradually decreasing guidance of investment and foreign trade by government authorities. In keeping with this trend, some large, government-owned banks and industrial firms are being privatized.

隨著政府逐漸降低對投資和外貿的干預，台灣擁有了動態資本主義經濟。為了維持這樣的趨勢，國營銀行和國營企業正朝向私有化。

中譯英

(一)日本年輕人最主要的數位裝備是手機，因為它替那些住在缺乏隱私的小屋子的人帶來隱私性及攜帶方便性。

The primary digital equipment of Japanese young men is cellphone, since it brings privacy and carry-convenient for those who live in small house without personal privacy.

97公務人員高等考試一級暨二級考試試題

英譯中

1. 1.      A survey showed that up to 42 percent of Taiwanese companies reduced their Mid-Autumn Festival bonuses by about 3 percent from last year amid rising inflation. The survey conducted by the online human resources company showed that employees in the construction and real estate sectors experienced the largest reduction in their Mid-Autumn benefits.

一項由網路人力資源公司引導的問卷結果顯示，隨著通膨上升，相較去年，超過42%的台灣企業砍掉公司約3%的中秋節獎金，而建築與房地產部門員工的中秋節獎金減損情況尤鉅。

1. 2.      The financial crisis is far from over. It will take a moderate toll on fast-growing emerging economies in Asia as they continue to boom in the years ahead. Increasing reliance on domestic demand and regional trade rather than on exports to developed countries will help Asia weather slowing demand and credit losses in the West.

這場金融危機尚未鳴金收兵，它將對於快速成長並持續在這些年內走在前端蓬勃發展的亞洲開發中經濟體造成中度損失。增加對內需和區域貿易的依賴遠過於出口至成熟國家，將讓亞洲曝露在需求不振和對於西方國家的信用虧損。

中譯英

(一)台北市政府將會在今年底前，在14個市立河濱公園裝設23個電子監視器，以制止汽車及機車非法使用腳踏車道

Taipei government will set 23 electric monitors in 14 city river parks to limit cars, motorcycles and motorbikes use bikeways illegally before the end of this year.

96年公務人員高等考試一級暨二級考試試題

英譯中

1. 1.       New Orleans is and always has been a doomed city. Levees and loss of wetlands did not cause it to sink─they simply sped up the process. No city can exist 20 feet below sea level. If the Federal Government seeks to rebuild the city, instead of relocating the people, it is committing future generations to a similar fate.

新奧爾良是一個且一直是一個在劫難逃的城市。建造防波提和缺乏沼澤地並未造成它的沉沒，它們僅簡單加速這個過程。沒有城市可以生存在海平面20呎以下。如果聯邦政府想要重建這個城市代替遷走市民，將保證未來的世代也會面臨相似的宿命。

1. 2.      By turning the Mekong (湄公河) into a busy highway for trade and a new source of hydropower, China boosts the economies of its neighbors─yet threatens the very life of the waterway it seeks to tame.

藉著將湄公河變成一個繁忙的交通要道，運用其發展貿易和作為水力發電的新來源，中國繁榮了鄰國的經濟，但中國欲馴服這些水道，卻威脅了這些水道的生命力。

中譯英

(一)新加坡的人民因政經每由上而下威權領導，致使自主性難行，所以歡顏不展。我深慶台灣雖有亂象，畢竟還是華人國家中比較崇尚民主的地方。

The citizens of Singapore are difficult to happy since its policy and economy are always leaded from top to the bottom which causes people cannot exercise their autonomy. I deeply celebrate that even there are some chaotic phenomenon in Taiwan; after all, Taiwan is a rather democracy place in Chinamen countries.

(二)河流最初的功能是飲水、灌溉、運輸、防衛；工業革命之後，這些功能逐漸不明顯了。原來提供市民休憩沉思的河岸空間被粗暴的占領，改變成環河的快速道路，市民開車呼嘯而過，沒有人去感覺河流的寧靜、悠長。

The original function of rivers is for drinking, watering, shipping and defending; after Industrial Revolution, those functions are unrevealed. The riverbank spaces originally offered to citizens to rest and ponder are occupied roughly, and be transferred to the expressways around the rivers. City residents drive and pass through quickly, and nobody wants to touch the quiet and long of the rivers.

英譯中

1. 1.      A restive population is worrisome to Chinese officials. Rising prices helped to foment massive civil unrest in 1989, and peasants to this day are resentful over harsh measures the central government used to rein in inflation, such as a crackdown on bank lending that brought growth to a halt in areas outside major cities.

一支不受管束的人口讓中國官員感到憂慮。1989年的通膨煽動巨大的內部動蕩，至今小農仍怨恨中央政府制定用來平抑通膨的嚴厲措施，像是鎮壓銀行借貸，讓主要城市外地區的經濟成長陷入停頓。

1. 2.      There are two responses to trauma: to hold onto it in all its vividness and remain its captive; or without necessarily conquering it, to gradually integrate it into the day-by-day.

人們對於過去的創傷通常有兩種反應：一種是緊抓住過去的鮮明並持續被其所俘擄；或是在沒有特別反抗的情況下，逐漸將其融入日常。

中譯英

(一)校園裡的銅像，無論是英雄、還是偉人，清一色都是男性。好不容易看到以女性為主體的雕像，卻不脫慈母的形象。顯然校園傳達的是狹隘的意識形態，未能提供多元文化的教育功能，也很少讓女性有認同的對象。

Generally, the bronze statues in campus, whoever a hero or a great man they are, are all the males. Finally we found the statues which used “female” as their creative topic, yet those topics cannot leave the image of a fond mother. It shows that what campuses convey is narrow ideology. It cannot offer the educated function of diversity cultures, as well as let females secure somebody to identify.

(二)地圖是一個強有力的武器，它塑造了我們生存的世界。繪製地圖不僅是技術性問題，而是一個詮釋的行為；不只傳達了事實，也反映作者的意圖，時代與文化的境況與價值。

Maps are a strong weapon. It shapes the world we exist in. Drawing a map is not only a technical problem, but an interpreted behavior; it not only conveys the fact, but reflects the intension of the author, the situation and the worth of the era and the culture.   

95年公務人員高等考試一級暨二級考試試題

英譯中

1. 1.      What most distinguishes humans from other creatures is our ability to create and manipulate a wide variety of symbolic representations. This capacity enables us to transmit information from one generation to another.

讓人類與其他生物有所分別的最與眾不同之處在於我們的創造力以及操控廣泛種類的象徵表達能力。這種能力讓我們能夠從一個世代傳達資訊到另一個世代。

1. 2.      Huge number of viruses are constantly replicating and mutating. This process produces many new genes. An innovative gene, with a useful function, may on occasion be incorporated into the genome of a host cell.

數量巨大的病毒正持續地複製和突變。這樣子的過程製造出許多新基因。一樣具有有用功能的新基因可能會在偶然之中被寫入宿主細胞的基因組中。